abstract：:Randomized trials are undoubtedly different from observational studies, but authors sometimes propose differences between these designs that do not exist. In this article we examine two claims about randomized trials: first, a recent claim that the causal structure of exposure measurement (information) bias in a rando...

journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

authors： Shahar E,Shahar DJ

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Outcome of the first-trimester Down syndrome screening in younger population was less reported before. We present the outcome of this screening in Taiwanese women younger than 35 years old. We also test whether or not the first-trimester Down syndrome screening of women <35 years of age and women >35 years o...

journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

authors： Chou CY,Hsieh FJ,Cheong ML,Lee FK,She BQ,Tsai MS

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To use structured implicit review following large-scale explicit audit of antipsychotic polyprescribing to: (1) determine the true rate of antipsychotic polytherapy that deviated from best practice for schizophrenia treatment; and (2) assess whether explicit antipsychotic polytherapy criterion was appropriate...

journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

authors： Wheeler A

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Doctors often use theory to inform medical practice. The current bio-psycho-social model of health may be advanced still further with theoretical rigour. Traditional fields of thermodynamics and newer fields of non-linear dynamics including chaos theory and complex systems science can inform our understanding of the c...

journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

authors： Topolski S

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To study which tests general practitioners used to diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) in children and which patient characteristics were associated with test choice. DESIGN:Retrospective chart review on the diagnosis of UTIs in children in Dutch general practices who were diagnosed as having a UTI. A t...

journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

authors： Harmsen M,Wolters RJ,van der Wouden JC,Grol RP,Wensing M

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Medication non-adherence is a major contributor to poor outcomes following discharge from psychiatric hospitals. It is therefore imperative that staff are able to accurately assess the extent to which patients have engaged with treatment. This study presents data on a new observer rating instrument of patien...

journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

authors： Byrne MK,Deane FP,Willis A,Hawkins B,Quinn R

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:Wristbands are essential for accurate patient identification. Some evidence suggests that missing wristbands is not an infrequent occurrence in acute hospitals. The National Patient Safety Agency (NPSA) has developed guidance on patient identification for hospitals in England and Wales. H...

journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

authors： Sevdalis N,Norris B,Ranger C,Bothwell S,Wristband Project Team.

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:Issues of overuse, underuse and misuse are paramount and lead to avoidable morbidity and mortality. Although evidence-based practice is advocated, the widespread implementation of this kind of practice remains a challenge. This is also the case for evidence-based practice related to the p...

journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

authors： Van Herck P,Sermeus W,Jylha V,Michiels D,Van den Heede K

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:Appropriate indications for colonoscopy (C) are essential for a rational use of resources. The aim of this study is to evaluate the appropriateness of indication for C according to the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE) guidelines and to evaluate whether appropriate us...

journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

authors： Suriani R,Rizzetto M,Mazzucco D,Grosso S,Gastaldi P,Marino M,Sanseverinati S,Venturini I,Borghi A,Zeneroli ML

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE, AIM AND OBJECTIVE:As the prescribing of drugs in secondary care is known to influence prescribing in primary care and because an understanding of prescribers' reasoning is essential for evaluating prescribing appropriateness, the aim of this study was to investigate secondary care doctors' views of appropria...

journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

authors： Ljungberg C,Lindblad AK,Tully M

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:Medical tradition considers a physical examination (PE) an essential part of the clinical encounter. In real medical practice, however, a full PE may not be necessary when the diagnosis is clear after anamnesis and general impression. We assessed the value of PEs in 500 diagnoses of upper respiratory infecti...

journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

authors： Kiderman A,Dratva D,Ever-Hadani P,Cohen R,Brezis M

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:Diagnostic reasoning and treatment decisions are a key competence of doctors. A model based on values and probability provides a conceptual framework for clinical judgments and decisions, and also facilitates the integration of clinical and biomedical knowledge into a diagnostic decision....

journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

authors： Ortendahl M

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:Knowledge in evidence-based medicine (EBM) is increasingly becoming a core competence in medical education. We evaluated the trainee doctors' attitudes and knowledge of EBM to obtain the basis required for developing appropriate teaching and learning opportunities. METHODS:Trainee physic...

journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

authors： Ahmadi-Abhari S,Soltani A,Hosseinpanah F

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the impact of protocol-based care on nursing roles, practice and service delivery. DESIGN:Case study evaluation informed by realistic evaluation methodology. Qualitative data collection methods were used including non-participant observation, post-observation interviews with nurses and patients, ...

journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

authors： Rycroft-Malone J,Fontenla M,Bick D,Seers K

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Statistical tests of heterogeneity and bias, in particular publication bias, are very popular in meta-analyses. These tests use statistical approaches whose limitations are often not recognized. Moreover, it is often implied with inappropriate confidence that these tests can provide reliable answers to questions that ...

journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

authors： Ioannidis JP

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Few randomized clinical trials focus on patients' symptoms of the first post-operative week following outpatient (OPS) versus inpatient (IPS) laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). The objective was to compare these treatment modalities with regard to patients' perceptions of pain and other post-operative sympto...

journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

authors： Barthelsson C,Anderberg B,Ramel S,Björvell C,Giesecke K,Nordström G

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To review the literature on the perceived benefits and disadvantages associated with significant event analysis (SEA) and identify reported barriers and facilitating factors. METHOD:A comprehensive search of electronic databases and peer reviewed journals was conducted during June 2006. Studies which explore...

journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

authors： Bowie P,Pope L,Lough M

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Psychological factors are acknowledged to impact on pregnancy, birth, neonatal outcomes and maternal mental health. The importance of psychological well-being is now recognized within maternity care and UK maternity policy advocates choice and control, equating this to increased quality of experience and impr...

journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

authors： Jomeen J,Martin CR

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:Occupational violence is increasingly recognized as a problem in general practice, and has been suggested as adversely affecting general practitioners' (GPs) provision of services to patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of experiences of violence and percepti...

journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

authors： Magin PJ,Adams J,Sibbritt DW,Joy E,Ireland MC

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Although anxiety disorders are highly prevalent, lack of correct diagnosis and related concerns about treatment are serious clinical problems. Several factors affect, positively or negatively, management of anxiety and its improvement. A literature review and thematic analysis was executed to obtain an ove...

journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

authors： Smolders M,Laurant M,van Wamel A,Grol R,Wensing M

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:There are many technologies designed to improve medication safety. Although limited evidence supports their use, there are pressures to implement them. OBJECTIVE:To determine the uptake of technologies designed to improve medication safety, plans for adopting technologies, attitudes towards technology use, ...

journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

authors： Saginur M,Graham ID,Forster AJ,Boucher M,Wells GA

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In many developed nations, the state of publicly administered health care is increasingly precarious as a result of escalating numbers of chronically ill patients, inadequate medical personnel and hospital facilities, as well as sparse funding for ongoing upgrades to state-of-the-art diagnostic and therapeutic technol...

journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

authors： Genuis SJ

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:A valid tool to measure clinical competency early in medical school could identify students who may require special educational attention. The overall aim is to assess the relationship between students' scores on an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) given in the second year...

journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

authors： Simon SR,Bui A,Day S,Berti D,Volkan K

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE, AIM AND OBJECTIVE:Factors influencing doctors in prescribing of drugs have mostly been studied in primary care. Studies performed in hospital care have primarily focused on new drugs, not prescribing in general. An in-depth understanding of the prescribing process in the more specialized secondary care is no...

journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

authors： Ljungberg C,Lindblad AK,Tully MP

更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:Traditional continuing medical education programmes that offer passive learning have been shown to be poorly effective at changing doctors' clinical behaviour. A multifaceted evidence-based medicine (EBM) intervention was conducted at the largest health maintenance organization (HMO) in I...

journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

authors： Shuval K,Berkovits E,Netzer D,Hekselman I,Linn S,Brezis M,Reis S

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：AIM:To measure the impact of French national consensus guidelines on the clinical practices of primary care paediatricians and general practitioners. DESIGN:Non-randomized intervention study, with a first survey 1 year before the consensus development conference and a second survey 1 year after. INTERVENTION:Implemen...

journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

authors： Touzet S,Réfabert L,Letrilliart L,Ortolan B,Colin C

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：AIMS AND OBJECTIVE:To identify factors important in determining whether an obese child achieves significant reductions in Body Mass Index Standard Deviation Score (BMI SDS) within a UK, hospital-based paediatric obesity service aimed at lifestyle modification. DESIGN:Observational Study. SUBJECTS:137 obese children (...

journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

authors： Sabin MA,Ford A,Hunt L,Jamal R,Crowne EC,Shield JP

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE AND AIMS:Among the problems to the publicly funded national health services are the waiting lists. Patients who need elective surgery generally have long waiting times before treatment. We aimed to develop a new prioritization tool for primary hip and knee replacement. METHODS:Criteria were developed using a...

journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

authors： Escobar A,Quintana JM,Bilbao A,Ibañez B,Arenaza JC,Gutiérrez L,Azkárate J,Güenaga JI,Vidaurreta I

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:The prevailing view on implementation interventions to improve the organization and management of health care is that the interventions should be tailored to potential barriers. Ideally, possible barriers are analysed before the quality improvement interventions are developed to influence...

journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

authors： Bosch M,van der Weijden T,Wensing M,Grol R

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Wide variations in referral practice from primary to secondary care have been observed. Clinical, demographic and referrer characteristics explain little of this variation. Patient psychological characteristics have been suggested as a potential explanation of this, biasing referral. The objective of this stu...

journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

authors： Glozier N,Prince M

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:The London Health Sciences Centre found that its emergency room (ER) mental health services were affected by people presenting with problems that did not require psychiatric intervention. Consequently, a second triage using a crisis worker (CW) was introduced in the ER to identify those p...

journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

authors： Coristine RW,Hartford K,Vingilis E,White D

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the variation in prescribing by primary care doctors during the morning and the evening clinics and to determine whether these prescribing patterns are influenced by doctors' training background. METHODS:A retrospective prescription-based study was carried out in 17 out of 20...

journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

authors： Damanhori AH,Al Khaja KA,Sequeira RP,Al-Ansari TM

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:We report findings from a qualitative study to identify patient views of community hospital care. We consider how far these were in accord with the hospital staffs' views. This constituted part of a wider randomized controlled trial (RCT). The methodological challenges in seeking to identify patient...

journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

authors： Small N,Green J,Spink J,Forster A,Lowson K,Young J

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:Peer review groups are considered helpful for quality improvement in primary care. An interactive educational programme for small peer groups was developed, focusing on the implementation of newly developed treatment guidelines. The aim is to evaluate the effect of the programme on adhere...

journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

authors： Kasje WN,Denig P,Stewart RE,de Graeff PA,Haaijer-Ruskamp FM

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The Adolescent Drug Abuse Diagnosis (ADAD) and Health of Nation Outcome Scales for Children and Adolescents (HoNOSCA) are both measures of outcome for adolescent mental health services. AIMS:To compare the ADAD with HoNOSCA; to examine their clinical usefulness. METHODS:Comparison of the ADAD and HoNOSCA o...

journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

authors： Holzer L,Tchemadjeu IK,Plancherel B,Bolognini M,Rossier V,Chinet L,Halfon O

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Geographical inequalities in lung cancer treatment and patient survival have been described. We hypothesized that lung cancer patients' access to treatment may be influenced by deprivation and the pathway to care. METHODS:Case notes were reviewed for patients resident in south-east London who were registere...

journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

authors： Jack RH,Gulliford MC,Ferguson J,Møller H

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tough but constructive criticisms of evidence-based medicine (EBM) have without doubt informed the evolution and serial reconstitutions of this approach to clinical decision making and behaviour. Yet, concerns about EBM persist and as EBM changes in response to reflection and criticism, so too do the criticisms themse...

journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

authors： Buetow S,Upshur R,Miles A,Loughlin M

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Time and timeliness are key issues in appraising and ensuring the clinical relevance of systematic reviews. Time considerations entering the systematic review process include the history of the clinical problem, disease, or treatment that is the target of the review, and the history of the research conducted to addres...

journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

authors： Barroso J,Sandelowski M,Voils CI

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Experience of knowledge management initiatives in non-health care organizations can offer useful insights, and strategies, to implement evidence-based practice in health care. Knowledge management offers a structured process for the generation, storage, distribution and application of knowledge in organizations. This ...

journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

authors： Sandars J,Heller R

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although disease management (DM) has been in existence for over a decade, there is still much uncertainty as to its effectiveness in improving health status and reducing medical cost. The main reason is that most programme evaluations typically follow weak observational study designs that are subject to bias, most not...

journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice

authors： Linden A,Adams JL,Roberts N

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00